• county
  • FIPS 05139
  • Largest town: El Dorado

Union County, Arkansas

Union County had 37,008 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 1,039.1 square miles of land. It is the largest by land of Arkansas's 75 county-equivalents.

Population
37,008
#21 of 75 in Arkansas · #1,262 in US
Area
1,039.1 sq mi
#1 of 75 in Arkansas · #635 in US
Density
36 / sq mi
#26 of 75 in Arkansas · #1,784 in US
Median household income
$49,664
#43 of 75 in Arkansas · #2,735 in US

Census Vintage 2024 estimates · SAIPE 2023 income · 2024 Gazetteer land area

Union County within Arkansas. Pin: Little Rock.

Measure from here

Tools and pages that start from Union County

Union County population, land area and income

Union County had 37,008 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 1,039.1 square miles of land. It is the largest by land of Arkansas's 75 county-equivalents. That works out to 35.6 people per square mile, below the US average of 96.3, and below the national county median.

The median county-equivalent in Arkansas has 18,130 residents, so Union County is 2.0 times that size.

Its SAIPE 2023 median household income of $49,664 is in the bottom quarter among 3,143 counties with an estimate.

National rank among 3,144

Population

37,008

3144th1st

1262nd of 3,144 (US)

Land area

1,039 sq mi

3144th1st

635th of 3,144 (US)

Density

35.6 / sq mi

3144th1st

1784th of 3,144 (US)

Median household income

$49,664

3143rd1st

2735th of 3,143 (US)

Rank within Arkansas (75)

Population

37,008

75th1st

21st of 75 (AR)

Land area

1,039 sq mi

75th1st

1st of 75 (AR)

Density

35.6 / sq mi

75th1st

26th of 75 (AR)

Median household income

$49,664

75th1st

43rd of 75 (AR)

How Union County's population changed since 2020

Union County lost 1,932 residents between the July 2020 and July 2024 estimates, a drop of 5.0%. That ranks 63rd of 75 in Arkansas for growth. The median Arkansas county changed by -0.2%, and the state as a whole by +2.4%.

Since the April 2020 estimates base, Union County recorded 1,910 births and 2,512 deaths, a natural change of -602. Net international migration added +135 and net domestic migration, people moving to or from other US counties, came to -1,589. The largest single component was domestic migration, which removed 1,589 people.

38.9k202038.3k202137.9k202237.4k202337.0k2024
Census Vintage 2024 county estimates for July 1 of each year. The axis starts above zero so year-to-year changes are visible.

Components of change, April 2020 to July 2024

Births
1,910
Deaths
2,512
Net international migration
+135
Net domestic migration
-1,589
Change, July 2023 to July 2024
-401

Where Union County is

The Census internal point of Union County is at 33.168200, -92.598100. It sits in UTM zone 15N. The map shades Arkansas's 75 county-equivalents by population change from 2020 to 2024, darker for faster growth, with Union County outlined. Dots are towns of 1,000+ people with residents in it.

Lincoln County: -0.2%Cleveland County: -2.5%St. Francis County: -5.2%Howard County: -2.9%Drew County: -2.2%Van Buren County: +2.2%Searcy County: -0.1%Poinsett County: -2.9%Hot Spring County: +0.7%Izard County: +5.0%Cross County: -3.6%Garland County: -0.4%Nevada County: -3.4%Washington County: +7.9%Union County: -5.0%Pope County: +2.2%Columbia County: -3.2%Conway County: +3.3%Faulkner County: +6.3%Miller County: -1.5%Arkansas County: -6.2%Clay County: -2.9%Saline County: +6.0%Yell County: -0.4%Craighead County: +3.8%Monroe County: -5.3%Calhoun County: -1.0%Marion County: +4.3%Carroll County: +2.6%Mississippi County: -6.0%Ashley County: -5.2%Independence County: +1.1%Stone County: +3.5%Madison County: +7.9%Johnson County: +1.7%Little River County: -2.9%Montgomery County: +0.3%Perry County: +2.5%Pike County: -1.3%Lee County: -5.0%Randolph County: +2.4%Woodruff County: -6.6%Lafayette County: -4.4%Grant County: +2.9%Greene County: +2.3%Jefferson County: -4.7%Franklin County: +2.6%Dallas County: -5.7%Crittenden County: -3.0%White County: +2.9%Lonoke County: +3.1%Bradley County: -5.3%Benton County: +12.2%Fulton County: +4.1%Desha County: -8.8%Pulaski County: +0.5%Newton County: -2.4%Logan County: +1.6%Scott County: +0.1%Prairie County: -3.8%Phillips County: -10.8%Ouachita County: -4.1%Polk County: +1.3%Cleburne County: +3.8%Sebastian County: +1.7%Clark County: -2.3%Sevier County: -0.3%Hempstead County: -4.4%Jackson County: -0.5%Chicot County: -8.7%Sharp County: +4.7%Crawford County: +3.5%Boone County: +3.3%Baxter County: +3.1%Lawrence County: +0.5%
Change 2020 to 2024
  1. < -4.4%
  2. < -2.2%
  3. < +1.1%
  4. < +3.1%
  5. ≥ +3.1%
no data

Orange pin: Union County internal point. Dark pin: Little Rock.

Internal point

Decimal
33.168200, -92.598100
DMS
33°10'5.52"N 92°35'53.16"W
UTM
15N 537472.5E 3670005.8N
Geohash
9vyhsyh4g
Plus code
86595C92+7Q

Towns in Union County

2 incorporated places of 1,000+ people have residents in Union County, 18,230 people together, or 49% of the county. Each figure counts only the part of the town inside Union County; towns marked "part" extend into another county. The largest is El Dorado with 16,657.

  1. 01El Dorado16,657
  2. 02Smackover1,573
Census Vintage 2024 subcounty estimates, county parts of incorporated places (SUMLEV 157).

Counties bordering Union County

The Census 2024 county adjacency file lists 8 neighbors for Union County, including 3 across a state line. The most populous is Morehouse Parish, LA, with 23,787 residents. Distances run between Census internal points in a straight line.

Distance to Little Rock and the nearest big city

Little Rock is 110.5 miles N of Union County's internal point in a straight line. The nearest place of 100,000 or more is Shreveport, LA (population 176,578), 84.6 miles away. The nearest place of 10,000 or more is El Dorado, AR (population 16,657), 5.2 miles away.

Union County FIPS code

The FIPS code of Union County is 05139: state code 05 for Arkansas plus county code 139. Use it as text, with the leading zero, when joining Census, BLS, or CDC county tables. SAIPE lists its 2023 median household income as $49,664.

Questions people ask

What is the population of Union County, Arkansas?

The Census Vintage 2024 estimate for July 1, 2024 is 37,008. That is down 1,932 people (5.0%) from the July 2020 estimate of 38,940.

What is the FIPS code of Union County?

05139. The first two digits (05) are Arkansas; the last three (139) identify the county.

What is the largest town in Union County?

El Dorado, with 16,657 residents inside Union County in 2024.

Which counties border Union County?

8 county-equivalents border it in the Census 2024 adjacency file: Morehouse Parish, LA; Columbia County, AR; Ouachita County, AR; Union Parish, LA; Ashley County, AR; Claiborne Parish, LA; Bradley County, AR; Calhoun County, AR.

Sources and data as of

Data as of: Census Vintage 2024 population estimates, 2024 Gazetteer land area and internal points, SAIPE 2023 median household income.

  1. 01Census Vintage 2024 county population estimates
  2. 02Census 2024 Gazetteer, counties
  3. 03Census SAIPE 2023 state and county estimates
  4. 04Census Vintage 2024 subcounty population estimates
  5. 05Census 2024 county adjacency file
  6. 06Census 2024 cartographic boundary file, counties (1:5,000,000)

How every number is computed: methodology. Spotted a wrong figure? Report an error.