• county
  • FIPS 16065
  • Largest town: Rexburg

Madison County, Idaho

Madison County had 55,549 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 469.3 square miles of land. It ranks 7th of 44 in Idaho by population and 42nd by land area.

Population
55,549
#7 of 44 in Idaho · #942 in US
Area
469.3 sq mi
#42 of 44 in Idaho · #2,195 in US
Density
118 / sq mi
#4 of 44 in Idaho · #801 in US
Median household income
$58,236
#38 of 44 in Idaho · #2,006 in US

Census Vintage 2024 estimates · SAIPE 2023 income · 2024 Gazetteer land area

Madison County within Idaho. Pin: Boise.

Measure from here

Tools and pages that start from Madison County

Madison County population, land area and income

Madison County had 55,549 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 469.3 square miles of land. It ranks 7th of 44 in Idaho by population and 42nd by land area. That works out to 118.4 people per square mile, 1.2 times the US average of 96.3, and above the national county median.

The median county-equivalent in Idaho has 15,019 residents, so Madison County is 3.7 times that size.

Its SAIPE 2023 median household income of $58,236 is below the national county median among 3,143 counties with an estimate.

National rank among 3,144

Population

55,549

3144th1st

942nd of 3,144 (US)

Land area

469 sq mi

3144th1st

2195th of 3,144 (US)

Density

118.4 / sq mi

3144th1st

801st of 3,144 (US)

Median household income

$58,236

3143rd1st

2006th of 3,143 (US)

Rank within Idaho (44)

Population

55,549

44th1st

7th of 44 (ID)

Land area

469 sq mi

44th1st

42nd of 44 (ID)

Density

118.4 / sq mi

44th1st

4th of 44 (ID)

Median household income

$58,236

44th1st

38th of 44 (ID)

How Madison County's population changed since 2020

Madison County gained 2,637 residents between the July 2020 and July 2024 estimates, a rise of 5.0%. That ranks 34th of 44 in Idaho for growth. The median Idaho county changed by +7.2%, and the state as a whole by +8.2%.

Since the April 2020 estimates base, Madison County recorded 4,715 births and 908 deaths, a natural change of +3,807. Net international migration added +1,766 and net domestic migration, people moving to or from other US counties, came to -2,955. The largest single component was natural change, which added 3,807 people.

52.9k202054.1k202155.4k202255.1k202355.5k2024
Census Vintage 2024 county estimates for July 1 of each year. The axis starts above zero so year-to-year changes are visible.

Components of change, April 2020 to July 2024

Births
4,715
Deaths
908
Net international migration
+1,766
Net domestic migration
-2,955
Change, July 2023 to July 2024
+426

Where Madison County is

The Census internal point of Madison County is at 43.788600, -111.657000. It sits in UTM zone 12N. The map shades Idaho's 44 county-equivalents by population change from 2020 to 2024, darker for faster growth, with Madison County outlined. Dots are towns of 1,000+ people with residents in it.

Madison County: +5.0%Idaho County: +8.0%Benewah County: +9.9%Gooding County: +3.4%Lincoln County: +8.2%Minidoka County: +4.7%Custer County: +7.7%Boundary County: +15.6%Lemhi County: +5.5%Twin Falls County: +6.8%Franklin County: +9.5%Oneida County: +9.0%Gem County: +13.4%Shoshone County: +6.6%Fremont County: +7.3%Clearwater County: +4.6%Kootenai County: +9.0%Cassia County: +4.9%Blaine County: +3.8%Clark County: +0.1%Jerome County: +7.4%Bonner County: +13.8%Elmore County: +3.7%Caribou County: +3.2%Bonneville County: +7.1%Jefferson County: +12.1%Power County: +6.3%Lewis County: +5.8%Nez Perce County: +1.7%Ada County: +7.5%Adams County: +12.9%Valley County: +7.9%Bingham County: +5.8%Bannock County: +4.3%Owyhee County: +6.2%Washington County: +9.3%Latah County: +6.4%Teton County: +10.2%Camas County: +15.0%Boise County: +12.0%Bear Lake County: +6.5%Butte County: +5.9%Canyon County: +14.5%Payette County: +8.1%
Change 2020 to 2024
  1. < +4.7%
  2. < +6.4%
  3. < +7.7%
  4. < +9.9%
  5. ≥ +9.9%
no data

Orange pin: Madison County internal point. Dark pin: Boise.

Internal point

Decimal
43.788600, -111.657000
DMS
43°47'18.96"N 111°39'25.20"W
UTM
12N 447138.9E 4848603.3N
Geohash
9xb955mz5
Plus code
85MCQ8QV+C6

Towns in Madison County

2 incorporated places of 1,000+ people have residents in Madison County, 43,090 people together, or 78% of the county. Each figure counts only the part of the town inside Madison County; towns marked "part" extend into another county. The largest is Rexburg with 40,695.

  1. 01Rexburg40,695
  2. 02Sugar City2,395
Census Vintage 2024 subcounty estimates, county parts of incorporated places (SUMLEV 157).

Counties bordering Madison County

The Census 2024 county adjacency file lists 4 neighbors for Madison County. The most populous is Bonneville County, ID, with 133,644 residents. Distances run between Census internal points in a straight line.

Distance to Boise and the nearest big city

Boise is 227.9 miles W of Madison County's internal point in a straight line. The nearest place of 100,000 or more is Billings, MT (population 121,483), 205.5 miles away. The nearest place of 10,000 or more is Rexburg, ID (population 40,695), 7.1 miles away.

Madison County FIPS code

The FIPS code of Madison County is 16065: state code 16 for Idaho plus county code 065. Use it as text, with the leading zero, when joining Census, BLS, or CDC county tables. SAIPE lists its 2023 median household income as $58,236.

Questions people ask

What is the population of Madison County, Idaho?

The Census Vintage 2024 estimate for July 1, 2024 is 55,549. That is up 2,637 people (5.0%) from the July 2020 estimate of 52,912.

What is the FIPS code of Madison County?

16065. The first two digits (16) are Idaho; the last three (065) identify the county.

What is the largest town in Madison County?

Rexburg, with 40,695 residents inside Madison County in 2024.

Which counties border Madison County?

4 county-equivalents border it in the Census 2024 adjacency file: Bonneville County, ID; Jefferson County, ID; Fremont County, ID; Teton County, ID.

Sources and data as of

Data as of: Census Vintage 2024 population estimates, 2024 Gazetteer land area and internal points, SAIPE 2023 median household income.

  1. 01Census Vintage 2024 county population estimates
  2. 02Census 2024 Gazetteer, counties
  3. 03Census SAIPE 2023 state and county estimates
  4. 04Census Vintage 2024 subcounty population estimates
  5. 05Census 2024 county adjacency file
  6. 06Census 2024 cartographic boundary file, counties (1:5,000,000)

How every number is computed: methodology. Spotted a wrong figure? Report an error.