• county
  • FIPS 17109
  • Largest town: Macomb

McDonough County, Illinois

McDonough County had 26,662 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 589.3 square miles of land. It ranks 50th of 102 in Illinois by population and 36th by land area.

Population
26,662
#50 of 102 in Illinois · #1,552 in US
Area
589.3 sq mi
#36 of 102 in Illinois · #1,662 in US
Density
45 / sq mi
#51 of 102 in Illinois · #1,568 in US
Median household income
$50,487
#100 of 102 in Illinois · #2,687 in US

Census Vintage 2024 estimates · SAIPE 2023 income · 2024 Gazetteer land area

McDonough County within Illinois. Pin: Springfield.

Measure from here

Tools and pages that start from McDonough County

McDonough County population, land area and income

McDonough County had 26,662 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 589.3 square miles of land. It ranks 50th of 102 in Illinois by population and 36th by land area. That works out to 45.2 people per square mile, below the US average of 96.3, and above the national county median.

The median county-equivalent in Illinois has 24,447 residents, about the same as McDonough County.

Its SAIPE 2023 median household income of $50,487 is in the bottom quarter among 3,143 counties with an estimate.

National rank among 3,144

Population

26,662

3144th1st

1552nd of 3,144 (US)

Land area

589 sq mi

3144th1st

1662nd of 3,144 (US)

Density

45.2 / sq mi

3144th1st

1568th of 3,144 (US)

Median household income

$50,487

3143rd1st

2687th of 3,143 (US)

Rank within Illinois (102)

Population

26,662

102nd1st

50th of 102 (IL)

Land area

589 sq mi

102nd1st

36th of 102 (IL)

Density

45.2 / sq mi

102nd1st

51st of 102 (IL)

Median household income

$50,487

102nd1st

100th of 102 (IL)

How McDonough County's population changed since 2020

McDonough County lost 454 residents between the July 2020 and July 2024 estimates, a drop of 1.7%. That ranks 52nd of 102 in Illinois for growth. The median Illinois county changed by -1.7%, and the state as a whole by -0.7%.

Since the April 2020 estimates base, McDonough County recorded 1,124 births and 1,399 deaths, a natural change of -275. Net international migration added +233 and net domestic migration, people moving to or from other US counties, came to -522. The largest single component was domestic migration, which removed 522 people.

27.1k202026.9k202127.0k202227.0k202326.7k2024
Census Vintage 2024 county estimates for July 1 of each year. The axis starts above zero so year-to-year changes are visible.

Components of change, April 2020 to July 2024

Births
1,124
Deaths
1,399
Net international migration
+233
Net domestic migration
-522
Change, July 2023 to July 2024
-290

Where McDonough County is

The Census internal point of McDonough County is at 40.455800, -90.679000. It sits in UTM zone 15N. The map shades Illinois's 102 county-equivalents by population change from 2020 to 2024, darker for faster growth, with McDonough County outlined. Dots are towns of 1,000+ people with residents in it.

Piatt County: -0.3%Hamilton County: -2.2%Williamson County: -0.1%Edgar County: -2.4%Macoupin County: -2.3%Marshall County: -1.3%Putnam County: +0.0%Richland County: -2.8%Washington County: -1.4%Lee County: -1.5%Douglas County: +0.2%Cook County: -1.6%Effingham County: -0.3%Edwards County: -3.6%Cass County: -2.0%Clay County: -3.4%Knox County: -2.2%LaSalle County: -0.9%Cumberland County: -1.3%Warren County: -3.7%Moultrie County: -0.9%Menard County: -2.5%Fayette County: -1.5%Boone County: -0.0%Lawrence County: -3.2%Marion County: -3.2%Champaign County: +3.0%Clark County: -2.4%Ford County: -0.4%Wayne County: -1.4%Logan County: -1.4%Grundy County: +2.5%Jasper County: -1.8%Crawford County: -1.3%McDonough County: -1.7%Clinton County: +0.5%Perry County: -3.0%Montgomery County: -2.2%Henry County: -2.0%Livingston County: -1.2%Scott County: -3.8%Alexander County: -11.2%Bureau County: -2.2%Brown County: +1.1%Mason County: -3.9%Calhoun County: -4.1%Greene County: -4.3%Coles County: -1.4%Kendall County: +8.2%Lake County: +0.7%Mercer County: -2.2%St. Clair County: -2.3%Wabash County: -3.0%Bond County: -1.7%DuPage County: +0.6%Gallatin County: -5.2%Stephenson County: -3.3%McHenry County: +1.9%White County: -3.0%Saline County: -3.9%Christian County: -2.2%Sangamon County: -1.0%Massac County: -3.6%Macon County: -2.9%Johnson County: -0.0%Jo Daviess County: -2.6%Peoria County: -1.0%DeKalb County: +1.0%Pope County: -1.5%De Witt County: -0.9%Schuyler County: -1.7%Fulton County: -3.1%Ogle County: -0.8%Jersey County: -1.6%Iroquois County: -3.3%Kankakee County: -0.9%Rock Island County: -1.1%Pulaski County: -5.8%Kane County: +0.9%Union County: -2.4%Whiteside County: -1.7%Woodford County: -0.3%Carroll County: -1.5%Adams County: -2.3%Hardin County: -2.6%Madison County: -1.0%Hancock County: -3.1%Monroe County: +0.0%Tazewell County: -1.1%Jackson County: -0.1%Vermilion County: -3.9%Randolph County: -0.6%McLean County: +0.5%Morgan County: -2.6%Shelby County: -1.7%Will County: +1.7%Winnebago County: -0.4%Jefferson County: -2.4%Stark County: -2.2%Henderson County: -4.5%Pike County: -2.6%Franklin County: -1.8%
Change 2020 to 2024
  1. < -3.0%
  2. < -2.2%
  3. < -1.4%
  4. < -0.3%
  5. ≥ -0.3%
no data

Orange pin: McDonough County internal point. Dark pin: Springfield.

Internal point

Decimal
40.455800, -90.679000
DMS
40°27'20.88"N 90°40'44.40"W
UTM
15N 696804.9E 4480935.8N
Geohash
9zpw0sc84
Plus code
86GFF84C+8C

Towns in McDonough County

3 incorporated places of 1,000+ people have residents in McDonough County, 18,496 people together, or 69% of the county. Each figure counts only the part of the town inside McDonough County; towns marked "part" extend into another county. The largest is Macomb with 14,765.

  1. 01Macomb14,765
  2. 02Bushnell2,649
  3. 03Colchester1,082
Census Vintage 2024 subcounty estimates, county parts of incorporated places (SUMLEV 157).

Counties bordering McDonough County

The Census 2024 county adjacency file lists 5 neighbors for McDonough County. The most populous is Fulton County, IL, with 32,510 residents. Distances run between Census internal points in a straight line.

Distance to Springfield and the nearest big city

Springfield is 71.6 miles SE of McDonough County's internal point in a straight line. The nearest place of 100,000 or more is Peoria, IL (population 111,696), 59.3 miles away. The nearest place of 10,000 or more is Macomb, IL (population 14,765), 1.0 miles away.

McDonough County FIPS code

The FIPS code of McDonough County is 17109: state code 17 for Illinois plus county code 109. Use it as text, with the leading zero, when joining Census, BLS, or CDC county tables. SAIPE lists its 2023 median household income as $50,487.

Questions people ask

What is the population of McDonough County, Illinois?

The Census Vintage 2024 estimate for July 1, 2024 is 26,662. That is down 454 people (1.7%) from the July 2020 estimate of 27,116.

What is the FIPS code of McDonough County?

17109. The first two digits (17) are Illinois; the last three (109) identify the county.

What is the largest town in McDonough County?

Macomb, with 14,765 residents inside McDonough County in 2024.

Which counties border McDonough County?

5 county-equivalents border it in the Census 2024 adjacency file: Fulton County, IL; Hancock County, IL; Warren County, IL; Schuyler County, IL; Henderson County, IL.

Sources and data as of

Data as of: Census Vintage 2024 population estimates, 2024 Gazetteer land area and internal points, SAIPE 2023 median household income.

  1. 01Census Vintage 2024 county population estimates
  2. 02Census 2024 Gazetteer, counties
  3. 03Census SAIPE 2023 state and county estimates
  4. 04Census Vintage 2024 subcounty population estimates
  5. 05Census 2024 county adjacency file
  6. 06Census 2024 cartographic boundary file, counties (1:5,000,000)

How every number is computed: methodology. Spotted a wrong figure? Report an error.