• county
  • FIPS 42119
  • Largest town: Lewisburg

Union County, Pennsylvania

Union County had 42,159 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 316.0 square miles of land. It ranks 50th of 67 in Pennsylvania by population and 64th by land area.

Population
42,159
#50 of 67 in Pennsylvania · #1,146 in US
Area
316.0 sq mi
#64 of 67 in Pennsylvania · #2,771 in US
Density
133 / sq mi
#36 of 67 in Pennsylvania · #746 in US
Median household income
$82,708
#6 of 67 in Pennsylvania · #380 in US

Census Vintage 2024 estimates · SAIPE 2023 income · 2024 Gazetteer land area

Union County within Pennsylvania. Pin: Harrisburg.

Measure from here

Tools and pages that start from Union County

Union County population, land area and income

Union County had 42,159 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 316.0 square miles of land. It ranks 50th of 67 in Pennsylvania by population and 64th by land area. That works out to 133.4 people per square mile, 1.4 times the US average of 96.3, and in the top quarter nationally.

The median county-equivalent in Pennsylvania has 82,953 residents; Union County is somewhat smaller.

Its SAIPE 2023 median household income of $82,708 is in the top quarter among 3,143 counties with an estimate.

National rank among 3,144

Population

42,159

3144th1st

1146th of 3,144 (US)

Land area

316 sq mi

3144th1st

2771st of 3,144 (US)

Density

133.4 / sq mi

3144th1st

746th of 3,144 (US)

Median household income

$82,708

3143rd1st

380th of 3,143 (US)

Rank within Pennsylvania (67)

Population

42,159

67th1st

50th of 67 (PA)

Land area

316 sq mi

67th1st

64th of 67 (PA)

Density

133.4 / sq mi

67th1st

36th of 67 (PA)

Median household income

$82,708

67th1st

6th of 67 (PA)

How Union County's population changed since 2020

Union County lost 496 residents between the July 2020 and July 2024 estimates, a drop of 1.2%. That ranks 44th of 67 in Pennsylvania for growth. The median Pennsylvania county changed by -0.5%, and the state as a whole by +0.6%.

Since the April 2020 estimates base, Union County recorded 1,565 births and 1,850 deaths, a natural change of -285. Net international migration added +344 and net domestic migration, people moving to or from other US counties, came to -645. The largest single component was domestic migration, which removed 645 people.

42.7k202042.5k202142.7k202242.2k202342.2k2024
Census Vintage 2024 county estimates for July 1 of each year. The axis starts above zero so year-to-year changes are visible.

Components of change, April 2020 to July 2024

Births
1,565
Deaths
1,850
Net international migration
+344
Net domestic migration
-645
Change, July 2023 to July 2024
-78

Where Union County is

The Census internal point of Union County is at 40.962200, -77.055500. It sits in UTM zone 18N. The map shades Pennsylvania's 67 county-equivalents by population change from 2020 to 2024, darker for faster growth, with Union County outlined. Dots are towns of 1,000+ people with residents in it.

Adams County: +4.0%Potter County: -2.4%Sullivan County: +1.6%Bucks County: +0.6%Carbon County: +1.5%McKean County: -2.3%Montour County: -0.1%Fulton County: -0.9%Columbia County: +2.0%Cameron County: -4.1%Elk County: -2.6%Bradford County: -0.4%Bedford County: +0.1%York County: +3.2%Monroe County: -1.1%Forest County: -5.2%Berks County: +2.4%Cambria County: -2.3%Franklin County: +2.1%Snyder County: -0.3%Somerset County: -2.5%Clarion County: -0.9%Indiana County: -0.2%Lackawanna County: +0.6%Wyoming County: -1.0%Lawrence County: -2.0%Mercer County: -2.2%Lehigh County: +3.0%Northampton County: +3.3%Cumberland County: +5.9%Fayette County: -3.6%Jefferson County: -2.5%Centre County: +1.2%Lebanon County: +1.4%Union County: -1.2%Clinton County: +1.3%Chester County: +4.8%Montgomery County: +2.6%Wayne County: +0.5%Pike County: +6.5%Susquehanna County: -0.6%Allegheny County: -1.4%Clearfield County: -2.9%Butler County: +2.7%Beaver County: -1.4%Crawford County: -2.1%Washington County: +0.5%Venango County: -1.7%Warren County: -3.0%Blair County: -2.0%Huntingdon County: -1.6%Lancaster County: +1.9%Luzerne County: +1.9%Westmoreland County: -1.0%Juniata County: -0.4%Armstrong County: -2.7%Tioga County: -0.8%Delaware County: +1.4%Northumberland County: -1.7%Mifflin County: -0.5%Lycoming County: -0.8%Perry County: +2.1%Philadelphia County: -1.7%Schuylkill County: +1.1%Dauphin County: +2.2%Greene County: -5.3%Erie County: -1.1%
Change 2020 to 2024
  1. < -2.2%
  2. < -1.0%
  3. < +0.1%
  4. < +1.9%
  5. ≥ +1.9%
no data

Orange pin: Union County internal point. Dark pin: Harrisburg.

Internal point

Decimal
40.962200, -77.055500
DMS
40°57'43.92"N 77°03'19.80"W
UTM
18N 327025.3E 4536595.4N
Geohash
dr31n8cyh
Plus code
87G4XW6V+VR

Towns in Union County

2 incorporated places of 1,000+ people have residents in Union County, 8,723 people together, or 21% of the county. Each figure counts only the part of the town inside Union County; towns marked "part" extend into another county. The largest is Lewisburg with 5,253.

  1. 01Lewisburg5,253
  2. 02Mifflinburg3,470
Census Vintage 2024 subcounty estimates, county parts of incorporated places (SUMLEV 157).

Counties bordering Union County

The Census 2024 county adjacency file lists 6 neighbors for Union County. The most populous is Centre County, PA, with 159,805 residents. Distances run between Census internal points in a straight line.

Distance to Harrisburg and the nearest big city

Harrisburg is 49.1 miles S of Union County's internal point in a straight line. The nearest place of 100,000 or more is Allentown, PA (population 127,138), 86.4 miles away. The nearest place of 10,000 or more is Williamsport, PA (population 27,628), 19.2 miles away.

Union County FIPS code

The FIPS code of Union County is 42119: state code 42 for Pennsylvania plus county code 119. Use it as text, with the leading zero, when joining Census, BLS, or CDC county tables. SAIPE lists its 2023 median household income as $82,708.

Questions people ask

What is the population of Union County, Pennsylvania?

The Census Vintage 2024 estimate for July 1, 2024 is 42,159. That is down 496 people (1.2%) from the July 2020 estimate of 42,655.

What is the FIPS code of Union County?

42119. The first two digits (42) are Pennsylvania; the last three (119) identify the county.

What is the largest town in Union County?

Lewisburg, with 5,253 residents inside Union County in 2024.

Which counties border Union County?

6 county-equivalents border it in the Census 2024 adjacency file: Centre County, PA; Lycoming County, PA; Northumberland County, PA; Mifflin County, PA; Snyder County, PA; Clinton County, PA.

Sources and data as of

Data as of: Census Vintage 2024 population estimates, 2024 Gazetteer land area and internal points, SAIPE 2023 median household income.

  1. 01Census Vintage 2024 county population estimates
  2. 02Census 2024 Gazetteer, counties
  3. 03Census SAIPE 2023 state and county estimates
  4. 04Census Vintage 2024 subcounty population estimates
  5. 05Census 2024 county adjacency file
  6. 06Census 2024 cartographic boundary file, counties (1:5,000,000)

How every number is computed: methodology. Spotted a wrong figure? Report an error.