• county
  • FIPS 27109
  • Largest town: Rochester

Olmsted County, Minnesota

Olmsted County had 166,424 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 653.5 square miles of land. It ranks 7th of 87 in Minnesota by population and 46th by land area.

Population
166,424
#7 of 87 in Minnesota · #422 in US
Area
653.5 sq mi
#46 of 87 in Minnesota · #1,440 in US
Density
255 / sq mi
#8 of 87 in Minnesota · #491 in US
Median household income
$89,431
#10 of 87 in Minnesota · #255 in US

Census Vintage 2024 estimates · SAIPE 2023 income · 2024 Gazetteer land area

Olmsted County within Minnesota. Pin: Saint Paul.

Measure from here

Tools and pages that start from Olmsted County

Olmsted County population, land area and income

Olmsted County had 166,424 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 653.5 square miles of land. It ranks 7th of 87 in Minnesota by population and 46th by land area. That works out to 254.7 people per square mile, 2.6 times the US average of 96.3, and in the top quarter nationally.

The median county-equivalent in Minnesota has 22,050 residents, so Olmsted County is 7.5 times that size.

Its SAIPE 2023 median household income of $89,431 is in the top tenth among 3,143 counties with an estimate.

National rank among 3,144

Population

166,424

3144th1st

422nd of 3,144 (US)

Land area

654 sq mi

3144th1st

1440th of 3,144 (US)

Density

254.7 / sq mi

3144th1st

491st of 3,144 (US)

Median household income

$89,431

3143rd1st

255th of 3,143 (US)

Rank within Minnesota (87)

Population

166,424

87th1st

7th of 87 (MN)

Land area

654 sq mi

87th1st

46th of 87 (MN)

Density

254.7 / sq mi

87th1st

8th of 87 (MN)

Median household income

$89,431

87th1st

10th of 87 (MN)

How Olmsted County's population changed since 2020

Olmsted County gained 3,383 residents between the July 2020 and July 2024 estimates, a rise of 2.1%. That ranks 28th of 87 in Minnesota for growth. The median Minnesota county changed by +0.6%, and the state as a whole by +1.4%.

Since the April 2020 estimates base, Olmsted County recorded 8,374 births and 5,682 deaths, a natural change of +2,692. Net international migration added +3,247 and net domestic migration, people moving to or from other US counties, came to -2,500. The largest single component was international migration, which added 3,247 people.

163.0k2020163.8k2021164.2k2022165.1k2023166.4k2024
Census Vintage 2024 county estimates for July 1 of each year. The axis starts above zero so year-to-year changes are visible.

Components of change, April 2020 to July 2024

Births
8,374
Deaths
5,682
Net international migration
+3,247
Net domestic migration
-2,500
Change, July 2023 to July 2024
+1,305

Where Olmsted County is

The Census internal point of Olmsted County is at 43.999500, -92.410100. It sits in UTM zone 15N. The map shades Minnesota's 87 county-equivalents by population change from 2020 to 2024, darker for faster growth, with Olmsted County outlined. Dots are towns of 1,000+ people with residents in it.

Cook County: -0.5%Kanabec County: +3.4%Carlton County: +1.5%Becker County: +0.7%Dodge County: +1.7%Douglas County: +2.1%Murray County: -1.5%Pipestone County: -3.3%Rock County: -1.7%Steele County: +0.1%Waseca County: -1.4%Pennington County: -2.1%Red Lake County: -1.5%Stevens County: +1.6%Hubbard County: +3.1%Mahnomen County: -1.8%Fillmore County: +1.2%Otter Tail County: +1.4%Rice County: +2.9%Meeker County: +0.2%Nobles County: -1.1%Swift County: -1.5%Watonwan County: -0.3%Wadena County: +2.2%Polk County: -2.1%Lyon County: +0.6%St. Louis County: +0.4%Todd County: +2.6%Carver County: +5.0%Kandiyohi County: +2.2%Olmsted County: +2.1%Roseau County: -0.3%Dakota County: +2.9%Yellow Medicine County: -1.2%Crow Wing County: +3.6%Sibley County: +2.7%Morrison County: +1.5%Lac qui Parle County: -1.0%Lincoln County: -1.3%Martin County: -2.2%Clay County: +2.3%Houston County: -2.5%Wilkin County: -3.3%Nicollet County: -0.0%Norman County: -2.4%Benton County: +1.3%Anoka County: +3.4%Blue Earth County: +2.2%Traverse County: -6.7%Aitkin County: +4.0%Marshall County: -3.0%Grant County: +0.3%Wabasha County: +0.8%Lake County: -2.0%Cottonwood County: -1.6%Brown County: -0.8%Cass County: +4.2%Lake of the Woods County: +0.7%Scott County: +3.9%Isanti County: +5.5%Stearns County: +3.5%Clearwater County: +0.7%Hennepin County: -0.7%Kittson County: -4.7%Wright County: +9.0%Goodhue County: +0.8%Jackson County: -1.3%Washington County: +5.8%Chippewa County: -2.5%Freeborn County: -1.9%Koochiching County: -3.6%Big Stone County: -1.8%Redwood County: -1.1%Chisago County: +4.2%Faribault County: -0.1%Renville County: -1.6%Itasca County: +0.9%Mower County: +2.1%Sherburne County: +5.6%Mille Lacs County: +4.2%Winona County: +0.6%Ramsey County: -1.8%Pine County: +4.9%McLeod County: +0.1%Pope County: +1.5%Le Sueur County: +2.8%Beltrami County: +1.1%
Change 2020 to 2024
  1. < -1.7%
  2. < -0.3%
  3. < +1.2%
  4. < +2.8%
  5. ≥ +2.8%
no data

Orange pin: Olmsted County internal point. Dark pin: Saint Paul.

Internal point

Decimal
43.999500, -92.410100
DMS
43°59'58.20"N 92°24'36.36"W
UTM
15N 547295.1E 4871986.4N
Geohash
9zy631v58
Plus code
86M9XHXQ+RX

Towns in Olmsted County

7 incorporated places of 1,000+ people have residents in Olmsted County, 143,475 people together, or 86% of the county. Each figure counts only the part of the town inside Olmsted County; towns marked "part" extend into another county. The largest is Rochester with 123,624.

  1. 01Rochester123,624
  2. 02Stewartville6,919
  3. 03Byron6,809
  4. 04Oronoco2,040
  5. 05Eyota2,025
  6. 06Chatfield (part)1,162
  7. 07Pine Island (part)896
Census Vintage 2024 subcounty estimates, county parts of incorporated places (SUMLEV 157).

Counties bordering Olmsted County

The Census 2024 county adjacency file lists 6 neighbors for Olmsted County. The most populous is Winona County, MN, with 49,973 residents. Distances run between Census internal points in a straight line.

Distance to Saint Paul and the nearest big city

Saint Paul is 74.3 miles NNW of Olmsted County's internal point in a straight line. The nearest place of 100,000 or more is Rochester, MN (population 123,624), 3.5 miles away.

Olmsted County FIPS code

The FIPS code of Olmsted County is 27109: state code 27 for Minnesota plus county code 109. Use it as text, with the leading zero, when joining Census, BLS, or CDC county tables. SAIPE lists its 2023 median household income as $89,431.

Questions people ask

What is the population of Olmsted County, Minnesota?

The Census Vintage 2024 estimate for July 1, 2024 is 166,424. That is up 3,383 people (2.1%) from the July 2020 estimate of 163,041.

What is the FIPS code of Olmsted County?

27109. The first two digits (27) are Minnesota; the last three (109) identify the county.

What is the largest town in Olmsted County?

Rochester, with 123,624 residents inside Olmsted County in 2024.

Which counties border Olmsted County?

6 county-equivalents border it in the Census 2024 adjacency file: Winona County, MN; Goodhue County, MN; Mower County, MN; Wabasha County, MN; Fillmore County, MN; Dodge County, MN.

Sources and data as of

Data as of: Census Vintage 2024 population estimates, 2024 Gazetteer land area and internal points, SAIPE 2023 median household income.

  1. 01Census Vintage 2024 county population estimates
  2. 02Census 2024 Gazetteer, counties
  3. 03Census SAIPE 2023 state and county estimates
  4. 04Census Vintage 2024 subcounty population estimates
  5. 05Census 2024 county adjacency file
  6. 06Census 2024 cartographic boundary file, counties (1:5,000,000)

How every number is computed: methodology. Spotted a wrong figure? Report an error.