• county
  • FIPS 01073
  • Largest town: Birmingham

Jefferson County, Alabama

Jefferson County had 664,744 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 1,111.6 square miles of land. It is the most populous of Alabama's 67 county-equivalents.

Population
664,744
#1 of 67 in Alabama · #107 in US
Area
1,111.6 sq mi
#5 of 67 in Alabama · #568 in US
Density
598 / sq mi
#1 of 67 in Alabama · #238 in US
Median household income
$64,726
#11 of 67 in Alabama · #1,398 in US

Census Vintage 2024 estimates · SAIPE 2023 income · 2024 Gazetteer land area

Jefferson County within Alabama. Pin: Montgomery.

Measure from here

Tools and pages that start from Jefferson County

Jefferson County population, land area and income

Jefferson County had 664,744 residents in the Census Vintage 2024 estimate, on 1,111.6 square miles of land. It is the most populous of Alabama's 67 county-equivalents. That works out to 598.0 people per square mile, 6.2 times the US average of 96.3, and in the top tenth nationally.

The median county-equivalent in Alabama has 33,813 residents, so Jefferson County is 19.7 times that size.

Its SAIPE 2023 median household income of $64,726 is above the national county median among 3,143 counties with an estimate.

National rank among 3,144

Population

664,744

3144th1st

107th of 3,144 (US)

Land area

1,112 sq mi

3144th1st

568th of 3,144 (US)

Density

598.0 / sq mi

3144th1st

238th of 3,144 (US)

Median household income

$64,726

3143rd1st

1398th of 3,143 (US)

Rank within Alabama (67)

Population

664,744

67th1st

1st of 67 (AL)

Land area

1,112 sq mi

67th1st

5th of 67 (AL)

Density

598.0 / sq mi

67th1st

1st of 67 (AL)

Median household income

$64,726

67th1st

11th of 67 (AL)

How Jefferson County's population changed since 2020

Jefferson County lost 9,983 residents between the July 2020 and July 2024 estimates, a drop of 1.5%. That ranks 47th of 67 in Alabama for growth. The median Alabama county changed by +0.2%, and the state as a whole by +2.5%.

Since the April 2020 estimates base, Jefferson County recorded 33,381 births and 35,114 deaths, a natural change of -1,733. Net international migration added +5,936 and net domestic migration, people moving to or from other US counties, came to -13,900. The largest single component was domestic migration, which removed 13,900 people.

674.7k2020669.7k2021665.5k2022664.1k2023664.7k2024
Census Vintage 2024 county estimates for July 1 of each year. The axis starts above zero so year-to-year changes are visible.

Components of change, April 2020 to July 2024

Births
33,381
Deaths
35,114
Net international migration
+5,936
Net domestic migration
-13,900
Change, July 2023 to July 2024
+660

Where Jefferson County is

The Census internal point of Jefferson County is at 33.553400, -86.896500. It sits in UTM zone 16N. The map shades Alabama's 67 county-equivalents by population change from 2020 to 2024, darker for faster growth, with Jefferson County outlined. Dots are towns of 1,000+ people with residents in it.

Clay County: +0.2%Baldwin County: +12.2%Coffee County: +5.2%Fayette County: -2.9%Chilton County: +4.9%Perry County: -8.7%Lamar County: -2.9%Morgan County: +2.2%Bibb County: +0.4%Butler County: -4.1%Barbour County: -2.5%Franklin County: -0.6%Chambers County: -2.2%Macon County: -6.7%Marshall County: +4.6%DeKalb County: +2.0%Russell County: -0.7%Geneva County: +2.1%Houston County: +1.9%Greene County: -7.5%Talladega County: -0.1%Monroe County: -3.3%Mobile County: -0.5%Covington County: +0.6%Cullman County: +5.1%Lauderdale County: +3.7%Shelby County: +5.4%Clarke County: -3.7%Lowndes County: -7.8%St. Clair County: +5.7%Choctaw County: -4.5%Blount County: +1.8%Dallas County: -6.9%Conecuh County: -3.8%Elmore County: +3.6%Autauga County: +4.3%Henry County: +5.6%Montgomery County: -1.1%Jefferson County: -1.5%Hale County: +2.3%Jackson County: +2.4%Madison County: +8.4%Washington County: -2.0%Bullock County: -3.2%Pike County: +0.7%Crenshaw County: -0.4%Dale County: +1.6%Lee County: +7.4%Cleburne County: +5.6%Tallapoosa County: -1.4%Lawrence County: +1.5%Pickens County: -2.4%Colbert County: +2.6%Winston County: +1.6%Marion County: +0.5%Calhoun County: +0.2%Etowah County: -0.2%Randolph County: +4.4%Wilcox County: -6.3%Tuscaloosa County: +3.7%Sumter County: -4.8%Walker County: +0.2%Cherokee County: +4.6%Escambia County: -0.2%Limestone County: +14.1%Coosa County: -0.5%Marengo County: -3.9%
Change 2020 to 2024
  1. < -3.2%
  2. < -0.5%
  3. < +1.6%
  4. < +4.3%
  5. ≥ +4.3%
no data

Orange pin: Jefferson County internal point. Dark pin: Montgomery.

Internal point

Decimal
33.553400, -86.896500
DMS
33°33'12.24"N 86°53'47.40"W
UTM
16N 509607.7E 3712644.4N
Geohash
djfnys5ys
Plus code
865MH433+9C

Towns in Jefferson County

32 incorporated places of 1,000+ people have residents in Jefferson County, 553,161 people together, or 83% of the county. Each figure counts only the part of the town inside Jefferson County; towns marked "part" extend into another county. The largest is Birmingham with 194,407.

  1. 01Birmingham (part)194,407
  2. 02Hoover (part)65,423
  3. 03Vestavia Hills (part)38,117
  4. 04Homewood27,919
  5. 05Bessemer25,079
  6. 06Trussville (part)24,944
  7. 07Mountain Brook21,701
  8. 08Gardendale16,444
  9. 09Hueytown16,185
  10. 10Center Point15,603
  11. 11Irondale13,545
  12. 12Leeds (part)10,309
  13. 13Clay (part)10,239
  14. 14Fairfield9,524
  15. 15Pleasant Grove9,375
Census Vintage 2024 subcounty estimates, county parts of incorporated places (SUMLEV 157).

Counties bordering Jefferson County

The Census 2024 county adjacency file lists 6 neighbors for Jefferson County. The most populous is Tuscaloosa County, AL, with 241,212 residents. Distances run between Census internal points in a straight line.

Distance to Montgomery and the nearest big city

Montgomery is 88.3 miles SSE of Jefferson County's internal point in a straight line. The nearest place of 100,000 or more is Birmingham, AL (population 196,357), 6.0 miles away.

Jefferson County FIPS code

The FIPS code of Jefferson County is 01073: state code 01 for Alabama plus county code 073. Use it as text, with the leading zero, when joining Census, BLS, or CDC county tables. SAIPE lists its 2023 median household income as $64,726.

Questions people ask

What is the population of Jefferson County, Alabama?

The Census Vintage 2024 estimate for July 1, 2024 is 664,744. That is down 9,983 people (1.5%) from the July 2020 estimate of 674,727.

What is the FIPS code of Jefferson County?

01073. The first two digits (01) are Alabama; the last three (073) identify the county.

What is the largest town in Jefferson County?

Birmingham, with 194,407 residents inside Jefferson County in 2024 (196,357 across all 2 counties it spans).

Which counties border Jefferson County?

6 county-equivalents border it in the Census 2024 adjacency file: Tuscaloosa County, AL; Shelby County, AL; St. Clair County, AL; Walker County, AL; Blount County, AL; Bibb County, AL.

Sources and data as of

Data as of: Census Vintage 2024 population estimates, 2024 Gazetteer land area and internal points, SAIPE 2023 median household income.

  1. 01Census Vintage 2024 county population estimates
  2. 02Census 2024 Gazetteer, counties
  3. 03Census SAIPE 2023 state and county estimates
  4. 04Census Vintage 2024 subcounty population estimates
  5. 05Census 2024 county adjacency file
  6. 06Census 2024 cartographic boundary file, counties (1:5,000,000)

How every number is computed: methodology. Spotted a wrong figure? Report an error.